by 
►Incident: “ an unplanned event or series of events that has or could have, caused injury to people and /or damage to assets and/or damage to the environment and/or loss of reputation”.
►Accident: It is an undesired or unintentional event that results in physical harm to a person or damage to property or environment. It is usually the result of a contact with a source of energy.
►The physical harm in above definition includes injury, death, disease and adverse mental, neurological or systemic effects resulting from an exposure or circumstances encountered in the course of employment.
►Major Accident Hazard (MAH): “ As per defined under rule 2(g) of EPPR,1996 , it means isolated storage and industrial acitivity of hazardous chemicals equal to or in excess of threshold quantities specified in schedules 2 and 3.”
►Over sight: “ It means overlooking or something, error or supervision.” When there are more switches side by side and looking identical, an operator may operate wrong switch by oversight.
►Dangerous Occurrences: As per the section-88 A of Factories Act and Rule 103 of the Gujarat Factories Rules, the following occurrences are prescribed as dangerous and they are reportable in Form No.21(for bodily injury or death) & 21A (for non bodily injury, property damage may or may not be resulted):-
Bursting of a steam plant under pressure.
Collapse or failure of lifting appliances or overturning of crane.
Fire, explosion, escape of molten metal, hot liquor, gas etc.
Explosion of pressure vessel.
Collapse of subsidence of structure.
►Error: It is of different types viz human error, design error , planning, production and maintenance error.
►Mistake: It is an act of wrong opinion, judgment about a thing or situation which results in hazard or harm to a person, property or environment.
►Nearmiss: It means any unplanned, sudden event that could have caused injury to man, materials or environment or could have involved a loss of containment possibly giving rise to adverse effect but not resulted in such accident.
►Injury: It is a physical harm or damage to body resulting form an exchange of energy that exceeds the body’s tolerance.
►Risk: It is combination of probability of occurrence and its severity of consequence. R= P X S
►Unsafe condition: It means existence of a mechanical, physical, chemical or environmental condition, situation or state of affairs, which may cause hazard or accident.
►Unsafe act: It means an act which a prudent (CAREFUL) man should not have done and which results in hazard, accident or injury.
►Hazard: It is defined as “ any event with the potential to cause harm, ill health, injury, damage to property, plants, products or the environment, production losses or increased liabilities.”
