{"id":304,"date":"2024-05-04T09:09:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-04T09:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/?p=304"},"modified":"2025-01-11T10:38:38","modified_gmt":"2025-01-11T05:08:38","slug":"ergonomics-and-its-usefulness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/2024\/05\/04\/ergonomics-and-its-usefulness\/","title":{"rendered":"ERGONOMICS\u00a0AND\u00a0ITS USEFULNESS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is Ergonomics?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mr. W.T. SINGLETON had explained the Ergonomics as<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Study<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    2. Measurement &<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. Organisation of work.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    It makes the purposeful human activity more effective & the focus of study is<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    interaction of person with the Engineering environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Mr. K. KOGI had considered Ergonomics as<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A useful tool for<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Fitting work to people,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Not \u00a0people to work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ergonomos= ergon + nomos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ergon means Work <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nomos means Habit of law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Thus ergonomics is for the purpose of solving the<\/em><\/strong> problems<\/em><\/strong> of work habits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Therefore, it requires<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Designing of proper work space<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Right working posture<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Reach to the work<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Display of information<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Good communication skill<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Skill for the work<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Work intensity<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sufficient time for rest<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Good environment<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Clear understanding & providing platforms or lift tables<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Transport ways<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Proper storage racks & buffer stock<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Good lighting, ventilation & housekeeping<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Proper guard<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Good welfare facilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
    \"\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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    \"\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Thus ergonomic principles include<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Comfortable posture<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Balanced and easy motions<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Adequate rest and Enough variety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Anatomy includes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    1.Anthropometry<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2.Biomechanics<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Anthropometry<\/em><\/strong> means the measurement of man.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    It provides the dimensional data needed for the positioning of controls and the size of work spaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    This includes human dimensions such as,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Statute (height upto head)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Eye height<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Shoulder height<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Elbow height<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Knuckle height (upto the palm of hanging hand)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sitting height<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Shoulder width<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Breadth across elbows<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Upward reach<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sideways reach<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Forward reach<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Hand length Hand breadth, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Biomechanics<\/em><\/strong> is concerned with the application of forces by the human body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    This requires knowledge of the locations of the main muscle groups, their composition and their modes of action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Physiology includes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    1.Work Physiology<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2.Environment Physiology<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Work physiology <\/em><\/strong>is concerned with the human process of energy production and considers human efficiency, oxygen uptake capacity, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Environmental physiology<\/em><\/strong> provides measures of the stress and standards of reasonable parameters of climate, light, noise, vibration, etc. and studies their effects on human behaviour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Psychology considers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Certain theories such as human performance theory based on an information model of<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The human operator,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Learning and skill theory &<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Training and organisation theory for work and system designs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Such psychological theories say about human error- \u201cwhy people make mistakes\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Many times guards, controls and protective equipments are provided but operators fail to use them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Why do they do so is an important question which can be replied by psychological study only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Effective audio visual information, choice reaction times, information processing capacity, memory, attention, understanding, fatigue effects, interaction with other people, morale, group behaviour, etc. are useful factors to be considered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Such human factors must be considered while designing any machine or work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Usefulness of Ergonomics<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    The usefulness of ergonomics can be understood by the following aims of ergonomics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1.To facilitate the work to the person.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    To facilitate whatever a person wishes to do and to ensure that he does it comfortably and efficiently. Efficiency includes effective work without detrimental health effects and minimisation of risk to the operator and others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2.To minimize the possibilities of human error or mistake.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The work, working conditions, plant and infrastructure should be so designed that they are best fitting to the workers. Purpose is not to fit a worker to any awkward, unsafe, unhealthy or uncomfortable work but to design or provide work and working conditions comfortable to the workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3.To ensure industrial activities with minimal use of energy and materials<\/em><\/strong> and without waste resulting from mistakes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.To develop knowledge and techniques by the combined use of many expertise and systems approach.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5.To solve human problems of work performance <\/em><\/strong>by considering human factors in design of machines and work and safe job methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
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    \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    What is Ergonomics? Mr. W.T. SINGLETON had explained the Ergonomics as 2. Measurement & 3. Organisation of work. It makes the purposeful human activity more … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":307,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129],"tags":[12,102,21,6,13,8,20,19,3],"class_list":["post-304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-safety-blog","tag-accident","tag-ergonomics","tag-gujaratsafetycouncil","tag-hse","tag-industrial-accident","tag-industrial-safety","tag-pdis","tag-post-diploma-in-industrial-safety","tag-safety"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=304"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":313,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions\/313"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ehs-hub.contentstudioo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}